[Genetic control of biosynthesis of anthocyans in sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus l.) flowers].

Inheritance of anthocyanidins in sweet pea flowers was studied. A relationship was revealed between the colour of flowers in plants of mutant lines and the presence of different types of anthocyanidins in petal cells. Forms synthesizing anthocyanidins with a large number of OH groups in the B ring of their structure were found to be dominant with respect to less hydroxylated pigments.

[Hepatoprotector properties of polyphenolic complexes from wood and cell culture of Maackia amurensis].

Polyphenolic complexes (PPCs) extracted from core wood and cell culture of Maackia amurensis decrease the acute toxicity of tetrachloromethane, suppress the necrosis of hepatocytes and the cellular infiltration in liver parenchyma, prevent the development of fatty and protein dystrophy in the liver, normalize the activity of aminotransferases and gamma-glutamyltransferase in the blood, restore the protein and lipid content, and stimulate the conjugation of bilirubin. The therapeutic effect was more pronounced for the PPC obtained from the cell culture. The hepatoprotector effect of the PPCs is due to the presence of isoflavonoids, including daidzein, retusin, genistein, afromosin, formononetin, orobol, tektorigenin, maakiain, and medicarpin.

[Hepatoprotectors prevent the toxic action of cyclophosphamide on the liver of rats with CCl4-induced hepatitis model].

The results of experiments on white rats with CCl4-induced hepatitis showed that the combined introduction of cyclophosphamide and hepatoprotectors of the plant origin (lochein, maksar, silimarin) leads to a decrease in acute toxicity and to less pronounced manifestations of hepatotoxicity of cyclophosphamide. Hepatoprotectors decrease the activity of aminotransferases, reduce the level of bilirubin, normalize the content of protein andpipids in the blood serum, and suppress the development of morphological disorders in the liver.

[Study of degradation of flavonols in the mutants of poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)].

We studied flavonol-degrading activity of cell-free extracts from petals of the flower color and structure mutants. The relationship between degradation of flavonols (kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin) and biosynthesis of anthocyanins has been revealed. The highest flavonol-degrading activity has been revealed in white flower mutants towards all substrates, particularly, quercetin.

[Formation of flavonoid pigments during flower color development in sweet pea Lathyrus odoratus L. mutants].

We studied the variability of two classes of flavonoid pigments (flavonols and anthocyanidins) in seven sweet pea mutant lines. Flavonols proved to be synthesized before anthocyanidins during the color formation of the petals. The top content of flavonols was observed at the third stage of flower development, while the anthocyanidins content peaked at the fifth stage.