Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Systems for Detection and Differentiation of Unclassified Viruses of the Family.

The family , part of the order , includes arboviruses and arthropod-associated viruses, with sandflies, mosquitoes, and ticks as primary vectors. Historically, only sandfly/mosquito-borne phenuiviruses were associated with human diseases, but the emergence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has highlighted the potential of tick-borne phenuiviruses as human pathogens. Recent discoveries of new arthropod-associated viruses, some of which remain unclassified, underscore the need for sensitive detection and differentiation methods, particularly in regions where these viruses may co-circulate.

Sphere-to-Icosahedron Droplet Shape Transformations in Interfacially Frozen Pickering Emulsions.

Surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, encompassing a wide range of chemical compositions, exhibit remarkable temperature-controlled sphere-to-icosahedron droplet shape transformations. These transformations are controlled by the elasticity and closed-surface topology of a self-assembled interfacial crystalline monolayer. Since many practical emulsions are synergistically costabilized by both surfactants and colloidal particles, we explore the influence of surface-adsorbed hydrophobic and hydrophilic colloidal particles on these shape transformations.

Pervasive horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in natural populations of closely related and widespread tropical skipper butterflies.

Background: The endosymbiotic relationship between Wolbachia bacteria and insects has been of interest for many years due to their diverse types of host reproductive phenotypic manipulation and potential role in the host's evolutionary history and population dynamics. Even though infection rates are high in Lepidoptera and specifically in butterflies, and reproductive manipulation is present in these taxa, less attention has been given to understanding how Wolbachia is acquired and maintained in their natural populations, across and within species having continental geographical distributions.

Results: We used whole genome sequencing data to investigate the phylogenetics, demographic history, and infection rate dynamics of Wolbachia in four species of the Spicauda genus of skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), a taxon that presents sympatric and often syntopic distribution, with drastic variability in species abundance in the Neotropical region.

[Cost-effectiveness of using rubidium-82 chloride perfusion PET for planning myocardial revascularization procedures].

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness, diagnostic accuracy, clinical outcomes, and radiation exposure associated with rubidium-82 chloride perfusion PET.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search up to October 2024 was conducted to identify key studies assessing the use of rubidium-82 chloride perfusion PET/CT in ischemic heart disease (IHD). These studies included economic analyses, evaluations of diagnostic accuracy, and comparisons with other imaging modalities such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), stress echocardiography, and invasive coronary angiography.

Comprehensive analysis of the Kinetoplastea intron landscape reveals a novel intron-containing gene and the first exclusively trans-splicing eukaryote.

Background: In trypanosomatids, a group of unicellular eukaryotes that includes numerous important human parasites, cis-splicing has been previously reported for only two genes: a poly(A) polymerase and an RNA helicase. Conversely, trans-splicing, which involves the attachment of a spliced leader sequence, is observed for nearly every protein-coding transcript. So far, our understanding of splicing in this protistan group has stemmed from the analysis of only a few medically relevant species.