Antitumor effect of nanophotothermolysis mediated by zinc phthalocyanine particles.

Nanophotothermolysis (NPhT) effect is considered to be an approach for the development of highly selective modalities for anticancer treatment. Herein, we evaluated an antitumor efficacy of NPhT with intravenously injected zinc phthalocyanine particles (ZnPcPs) in murine subcutaneous syngeneic tumor models. In S37 sarcoma-bearing mice a biodistribution of ZnPcPs was studied and the high antitumor efficacy of ZnPcPs-mediated NPhT was shown, including a response of metastatic lesions.

Study of photoinduced antitumor activity of phthalocyanin-based nanostructures as pro-photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors in vivo.

Nanoparticles of aluminum and zinc phthalocyanin and metal-free phthalocyanin (AlPc, ZnPc, and H2Pc), whose molecular forms are photosensitizers, can serve as effective "prophotosensitizers" in photodynamic therapy for malignant tumors. Transition (stimulation) of photo-inert nanoparticles into a photoactive photosensitizer is realized locally in the tumor node by its exposure to potent laser pulses. Systemic injection of AlPc, ZnPc, and H2Pc nanoparticles has not led to accumulation of their photoactive form in the skin, which can lead to the development of skin phototoxicity.

[Fibrofatty changes in the muscles in arterial occlusions of the extremities].

Widespread muscle alterations in the form of partial or full muscle fiber replacement by the fibrofatty tissue within the borders of the fascial sheath with the retention of the volume and topography of the muscles are observed in the obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower limbs arteries. These alterations are connected with a slowly progressing degenerative process due to chronic ischemia. The limb with a fibrofatty replacement (FFR) of the muscles is more resistant to the gangrene resulting from acute occlusion of the main arteries.

[Ischemic diseases of the lower limbs].

On the material of 200 necropsies and 230 surgically amputated lower extremities in patients with an acute obstruction of the main arteries as well as the study of the limb muscles in the appropriate experimental models, the principal rules and the pathogenesis of the muscle damage in the ischemic disease of the lower extremities (IDLE) are described. Four clinico-anatomical variants of the acute IDLE are distinguished: (1) diffuse degenerative-necrotic muscle damage; (2) large-focal necrosis; (3) massive isolated necrosis of single muscles; (4) limb gangrene. Grave general and local somatic background in a patient, causes of death and role of the IDLE in thanatogenesis are characterized.