[Features of inflammatory endotypes and phenotypes in chronic rhinosinusitis].

Recently, significant progress has been made in identifying the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Cohort studies of CRS have led to advances in the clinical understanding of this disease. New therapeutic agents have been approved or are undergoing clinical trials to expand treatment options for this disease.

Scent recognition of infected status in humans.

Introduction: There is a body of experimental evidence that mice and rats use chemical signals to avoid sexual contact with infected conspecifics. In contrast to animals, body scent of sick humans is employed only in medical diagnostics. A modification of human body odor, due to an infection, has not been studied as a potential signal for choice of a sexual partner.

[Scent as an element of subjective assessment of young males and females].

In 46 male and 19 female students who were both donors and recipients of scent samples, we studied effects of the menstrual cycle phase, reproductive health, sexual motivation, and sexual experience on subjective assessment of intensity and pleasantness of the sweat scent. The sweat samples were collected by the 60-min long exposure of a filter paper in the armpit. Then the male and female samples were reciprocally assessed olfactorily with respect to their intensity, unpleasantness/pleasantness, and association with male or female.