[Methods of surgical treatment of advanced hydronephrosis in children].

For the establishment of the therapeutic procedure in advanced hydronephroses the basic criterion is the functional state of their damaged kidney which can be assessed best by scintigraphy. The results of plastic repair of the damaged pelviureteral portion depends on the stage of hydronephrosis and the child's age. The best results were achieved in less damaged kidneys (hydronephroses I and II) in all age groups and in advanced hydronephroses (IV and V) in children under the age of one year.

Familial hydronephrosis unlinked to the HLA complex.

Clinical findings, management, and possible linkage of congenital hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction stenosis to the HLA complex were studied in four families. These families provide evidence of possible autosomal dominant inheritance. HLA class I antigen studies in all four and class II (HLA-DR) in three families were performed.

[Prenatal and postnatal ultrasonic screening in the early diagnosis and treatment of congenital developmental defects of the kidneys and urinary tract].

The author presents a group of 97 children with congenital developmental malformations of the kidneys and urinary pathways diagnosed by ultrasound screening in 1990-1994. In 15 children the diagnosis was established prenatally, in 67 children by early postnatal screening and in 15 children during examination of the hip joints. The majority was formed by obstructive uropathies.

Importance of sonography with furosemide in continuing dilatation after pyeloplasty.

The continuance of collecting system dilatation after plastic repairing of the ureteropelvic junction in children progressed hydronefrosis may have two causes, the first one is a great progress of the process, that do not allow to repair the dilatation, the second one is to be a failure with the operation. Another treatment depends on differentiating there two causes. Authors used ultrasonography with furosemide test.

Doppler ultrasonography in evaluation of renal hemodynamics in hydronephrosis in children.

Resistence index (RI) measurement by the Doppler sonography is a noninvasive diagnostic method which was introduced in the diagnosis of hydronephrosis in children in 1989. In 1991 Palmer modified this method by administering furosemide (Diuretic Doppler ultrasonography) in order to distinguish an obstructional and nonobstructional dilatation of the upper urinary tract. The method is based on the fact that an obstruction of the upper urinary tract results in increasing of the intrarenal arterial resistence and therefore in decreasing of vascular flow.