SHIVA-CMB: a deep-learning-based robust cerebral microbleed segmentation tool trained on multi-source T2*GRE- and susceptibility-weighted MRI.

Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) represent a feature of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), a prominent vascular contributor to age-related cognitive decline, dementia, and stroke. They are visible as spherical hypointense signals on T2*- or susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. An increasing number of automated CMB detection methods being proposed are based on supervised deep learning (DL).

Association of air purifier usage during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Objective: Previous studies have reported that ambient air pollutants such as PM2.5 can increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether air purifier usage during pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of adverse birth outcomes in a large Japanese birth cohort.

Relationship between frequency of yogurt consumption at 1 year of age and development at 3 years of age: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Background: Multiple observational studies have demonstrated the health benefits of yogurt, which are considered due to yogurt's positive effects on the gut microbiota. It is also known that the intestinal microbiota is associated with cognitive and emotional functions. Although the intake of probiotics has been reported to improve neurodevelopmental symptoms in children, no large-scale studies have examined the association of yogurt consumption in early childhood with later neurodevelopmental status.

Factors related to sedentary behavior of pregnant women during the second/third trimester: prospective results from the large-scale Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Background: Prolonged sedentary behavior in pregnant women is reported to be associated with worse health-related indices and pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify relevant factors that can be targeted in interventions to reduce sedentary behavior during pregnancy.

Methods: Of 103,057 pregnancies registered in the Japan Environment and Children's Study, 83,733 pregnant women were included for analysis after excluding multiple enrollments, nonresponses, and missing outcome data.

Bidirectional signals generated by Siglec-7 and its crucial ligand tri-sialylated T to escape of cancer cells from immune surveillance.

Siglec-7, an inhibitory receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, recognizes sialic acid-containing glycans. However, the ligand glycan structures of Siglec-7 and its carrier proteins have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we identified four sialyltransferases that are used for the synthesis of ligand glycans of Siglec-7 and two ligand O-glycan-carrier proteins, PODXL and MUC13, using a colon cancer line.