Voltage-Dependent Profile Structures of a Kv-Channel via Time-Resolved Neutron Interferometry.

Available experimental techniques cannot determine high-resolution three-dimensional structures of membrane proteins under a transmembrane voltage. Hence, the mechanism by which voltage-gated cation channels couple conformational changes within the four voltage sensor domains, in response to either depolarizing or polarizing transmembrane voltages, to opening or closing of the pore domain's ion channel remains unresolved. Single-membrane specimens, composed of a phospholipid bilayer containing a vectorially oriented voltage-gated K channel protein at high in-plane density tethered to the surface of an inorganic multilayer substrate, were developed to allow the application of transmembrane voltages in an electrochemical cell.

Impact of air temperature variation on the ixodid ticks habitat and tick-borne encephalitis incidence in the Russian Arctic: the case of the Komi Republic.

Background: The causes of the recent rise of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) incidence in Europe are discussed. Our objective was to estimate the impact of air temperature change on TBE incidence in the European part of the Russian Arctic.

Methods: We analysed the TBE incidence in the Komi Republic (RK) over a 42-year period in relation to changes in local annual average air temperature, air temperature during the season of tick activity, tick abundance, TBE-prevalence in ticks, tick-bite incidence rate, and normalised difference vegetation index within the area under study.

[The reagents kit to detect Metyorchis biis, Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis felineus--agents of opisthorchiasis using technique of polymerase chain reaction in real-time].

The helminths Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis, Metorchis bilis are the agents of opisthorchiasis. The actual diagnostic of parasitic diseases based on microscope analysis of samples of human feces to detect presence of ova of parasites suffers of many shortcomings, in particular low sensitivity especially at earlier stages. The purpose of this study was to compare results of detection of parasites using both classical technique and technique of specific differentiation based on extraction of nucleic acids from samples of human feces and implementation of reaction of amplification of the chosen fragment of DNA with detection of products of polymerase chain reaction in the real time.