Novel glucoamylase-resistant gluco-oligosaccharides with adjacent α-1, 6 branches at the non-reducing end discovered in Japanese rice wine, sake.

Sake, a traditional Japanese rice wine, contains various oligosaccharides (Sake oligosaccharides; SAOs) derived from rice starch. We previously found that SAOs reach a high degree of polymerization (DP). In this study, we developed a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (HILIC-TOF/MS) based analytical method to separate isomeric SAOs.

Exercise-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in a Police Officer with Hereditary Renal Hypouricemia.

Hereditary renal hypouricemia is characterized by hypouricemia with hyper-uric acid clearance due to a defect in renal tubular transport. Patients with hereditary renal hypouricemia have a higher risk of exercise-induced acute kidney injury (EAKI) and reduced kidney function. Although the best preventive measure is avoiding exercise, there are many kinds of jobs that require occupational exercise.

Repressed expression of a gene for a basic helix-loop-helix protein causes a white flower phenotype in carnation.

In a previous study, two genes responsible for white flower phenotypes in carnation were identified. These genes encoded enzymes involved in anthocyanin synthesis, namely, flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), and showed reduced expression in the white flower phenotypes. Here, we identify another candidate gene for white phenotype in carnation flowers using an RNA-seq analysis followed by RT-PCR.

Expression of keratin 1, keratin 10, desmoglein 1 and desmocollin 1 in the epidermis: possible downregulation by interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 in atopic dermatitis.

In the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), skin barrier dysfunction and T-helper (Th) type 2 immune reactions play important roles. Alterations in the stratum spinosum of AD have not been studied in much detail. In this study, we investigated the changes of structural proteins and adhesion molecules residing in the stratum spinosum of AD lesional skin, and whether Th2 cytokines including interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 alter the expression of these proteins.

Analysis of the oligosaccharides in Japanese rice wine, sake, by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry.

A traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage, sake, contains several oligosaccharides, which are associated with the taste of sake; however, little is known about the specific molecular species and concentrations of oligosaccharides in sake. Here, we developed an analytical method using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (HILIC-TOF/MS) which successfully detects the oligosaccharides in sake. A series of oligosaccharides with successive degree of polymerization (DP) values up to 18 were identified in sake for the first time, which we have named sake oligosaccharides (SAOs).