Is exon 5 of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene a prognostic marker in anaplastic glioma?

Chromosome 10 deletions are among the most common genetic changes in highly malignant glial tumors. It has been noted that loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 10q23 is a frequent alteration in a variety of human tumors and occurs in approximately 70% of all glioblastomas. By mapping of homozygous deletions on 10q23, a candidate tumor suppressor gene has been isolated, called PTEN for "phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10" and MMAC1 for "mutated in multiple advanced cancers-1.

[Anterior approaches to the spinal column: considerations of the surgical technic].

The anterior approach to the vertebral column is indicated in the tumors or traumas of the vertebral body with prevalent anterior expression. This method allows to control easily all the structures in front of the rachis. Furthermore, the current reconstructive techniques require the exposure of a long tract of the vertebral column.

[The osseous location of echinococcal cysts: comments on a clinical case].

Primary bone location of hydatid disease is extremely rare. The clinical case herein reported represents a primitive bone location of echinococcus in the ileal and sacral area. The aspecific symptoms did not allow for a preoperative diagnosis.

[Aneurysm of the popliteal artery: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations].

The authors settle the roles of the most recent diagnostic methodologies useful to frame the popliteal aneurysm pathology namely digital arteriography, N.M.R.

[Spinal hydatidosis: state of current knowledge on its lesions and presentation of an unusual clinical case].

Vertebral hydatidosis is a rare localization of echinococcosis. In fact, its incidence is less than 1% of the cases in the literature. The authors report a personal observation and describe main features of the disease.