Key factors affecting people's unwillingness to be confined during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a large-scale population study.

Population confinements have been one of the most widely adopted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented by governments across the globe to help contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. While confinement measures have been proven to be effective to reduce the number of infections, they entail significant economic and social costs. Thus, different policy makers and social groups have exhibited varying levels of acceptance of this type of measures.

Benchmarking Analysis of the Accuracy of Classification Methods Related to Entropy.

In the machine learning literature we can find numerous methods to solve classification problems. We propose two new performance measures to analyze such methods. These measures are defined by using the concept of proportional reduction of classification error with respect to three benchmark classifiers, the random and two intuitive classifiers which are based on how a non-expert person could realize classification simply by applying a frequentist approach.

Assessment of Psychological Distress in Health-care Workers during and after the First Wave of COVID-19: A Canadian Longitudinal Study: Évaluation de la Détresse Psychologique Chez Les Travailleurs de la Santé Durant et Après la Première Vague de la COVID-19: une étude longitudinale canadienne.

Objectives: Health-care workers (HCW) exposed to COVID-19 are at risk of experiencing psychological distress. Although several cross-sectional studies have been carried out, a longitudinal perspective is needed to better understand the evolution of psychological distress indicators within this population. The objectives of this study were to assess the evolution of psychological distress and to identify psychological distress trajectories of Canadian HCW during and after the first wave of COVID-19.

Vaccination against Nonmutated Neoantigens Induced in Recurrent and Future Tumors.

Vaccination of patients against neoantigens expressed in concurrent tumors, recurrent tumors, or tumors developing in individuals at risk of cancer is posing major challenges in terms of which antigens to target and is limited to patients expressing neoantigens in their tumors. Here, we describe a vaccination strategy against antigens that were induced in tumor cells by downregulation of the peptide transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). Vaccination against TAP downregulation-induced antigens was more effective than vaccination against mutation-derived neoantigens, was devoid of measurable toxicity, and inhibited the growth of concurrent and future tumors in models of recurrence and premalignant disease.

Prevalence and Pattern of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Nephropathy among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Children at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

The kidney is an important target organ in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and a variety of renal disorders could occur throughout the course of the disease. HIV- associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the most common form of kidney disease resulting directly from HIV infection. The true prevalence of HIVAN among infected African children is unknown largely due to lack of surveillance and reporting.