The Effect of the New Eighth Edition Breast Cancer Staging System on 100 Consecutive Patients.

Background: In October 2016 the American Joint Committee on Cancer published the early eighth edition breast cancer prognostic staging system, incorporating biomarkers into previously accepted staging. The updated and current eighth edition became effective nationwide in January 2018 after a large update to its staging guidelines. This study's aim was to compare patients' anatomic seventh edition (anatomic), early eighth (pre-update, prognostic), and current eighth (post-update, prognostic) pathological stages and to assess the utility of recent inclusions to staging criteria.

S100 Staining Adds to the Prognostic Significance of the Combination of Perineural Invasion and Lymphovascular Invasion in Colorectal Cancer.

Studies have suggested that perineural invasion (PNI) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) serve as independent prognostic factors in colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, little is known regarding the combination of PNI and LVI as prognostic factors, independent of stage. We hypothesized that this combination was a better prognostic marker than either PNI or LVI alone, and that S100 staining would detect PNI not seen with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).

Mutational analysis of metastatic lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma in adult and pediatric patients.

Background: Limited data are available on the analysis of somatic mutations in metastatic lymph nodes in adult and pediatric patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas.

Methods: A total of 92, microdissected, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 39 patients were analyzed for the presence of somatic mutations utilizing the ThyGenX next-generation sequencing test.

Results: Somatic mutations were detected in 67% of papillary thyroid carcinoma specimens.

Confirmation of a potential biomarker for early-stage pancreatic cancer.

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, serological biomarkers are eagerly sought for early detection. The digestive enzyme pro-carboxypeptidase A (PCPA) may be able to fill this role.

CD117, Ki-67, and p53 predict survival in neuroendocrine carcinomas, but not within the subgroup of small cell lung carcinoma.

High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are aggressive tumors with limited treatment options. Recently, studies have observed that the tyrosine kinase receptor CD117 is often overexpressed in this malignancy. As a result, CD117 has been identified as a target for therapy via the small molecule, tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate.