Publications by authors named "A Thomas Winston"
Objective: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is frequently overlooked in polytrauma patients due to the overshadowing of more severe injuries, a fact that makes its identification in post-acute settings challenging since symptoms overlap with other conditions and no validated diagnostic tools exist. To address this gap, this scoping review explored the literature on mTBI diagnosis in post-acute civilian polytrauma settings.
Methods: By utilizing the Arksey and O'Malley framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, the review focused on studies from 2010 to 2024 related to delayed mTBI diagnosis in adults.
Introduction: Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among people with HIV, which can negatively impact HIV-related outcomes. We explore the cascade of mental healthcare for people with HIV experiencing depressive symptoms.
Methods: People with HIV who were part of the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) study (2013-2016) were included.
Purpose Of Review: Cognitive disorders persist in persons with HIV, despite virologically suppressive antiretroviral therapy. We summarize the current evidence on risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV in the modern antiretroviral therapy-era.
Recent Findings: Recent consensus recommendations have proposed a new approach for defining cognitive impairment in persons with HIV, which distinguishes true cognitive impairment from low cognitive performance alone and considers both HIV and non-HIV-associated causes of brain injury.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to determine how psychosocial factors contribute to differences in cognitive performance between individuals with and without HIV, involving 273 participants from Cape Town, South Africa.
- - Researchers conducted cognitive tests across seven areas and evaluated 12 psychosocial measures, discovering that individuals with HIV scored lower in nearly all psychosocial variables and experienced a significant reduction in cognitive performance compared to those without HIV.
- - Findings revealed that while some of the cognitive impairment linked to HIV could be explained by demographic and psychosocial factors, there remained a significant association indicating that these adjustments alone do not fully account for cognitive deficits.
Background: We aimed to provide insights into the effects of comorbidities on sleep health in people with HIV by assessing associations between multimorbidity patterns and sleep outcomes in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) sub-study.
Methods: Principal component analysis identified six multimorbidity patterns among participants with HIV (n = 1073) at baseline: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), Sexually transmitted diseases, Metabolic, Mental/Joint, Neurological and Cancer/Other. Burden z-scores were calculated for each individual/pattern.