This study compared the effectiveness and safety of two FDA-approved antivenoms, FabAV (Crotalidae polyvalent immune fab) and Fab2AV (Crotalidae immune F(ab')) for treating eastern copperhead bites.
Of the 134 patients analyzed, 89 received antivenom, with FabAV achieving 100% initial control compared to 89.8% for Fab2AV, while FabAV required fewer doses (median of 6 vials) than Fab2AV (median of 10 vials).
Additionally, patients treated with Fab2AV experienced acute adverse reactions at a higher rate (11.9%) compared to none for FabAV.
Acquired benign tracheoesophageal and bronchoesophageal fistulas (TEFs) are often linked to granulomatous infections, primarily caused by medical interventions, with rare organisms like Candida albicans and Actinomyces involved.
A case study describes a patient experiencing symptoms like cough and weight loss, leading to the discovery of a fistula and complications such as actinomycetoma and broncholithiasis due to the dual infection.
The report emphasizes the importance of recognizing this uncommon co-infection and provides a diagnostic algorithm to aid healthcare professionals in identifying and treating TEs effectively.