HIV-1 control after transient antiretroviral treatment initiated in primary infection: role of patient characteristics and effect of therapy.

Background: The occurrence of viral control after interruption of an antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiated during primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) is rare and the frequency and predictive factors of such a control are unknown.

Methods: Within the French ANRS PRIMO Cohort, 164 patients interrupted ART initiated during PHI. We compared patients whose viral load (VL) remained undetectable (<50 copies/ml) or low (50-500 copies/ml) 1 year after ART interruption to those who evidenced a rapid viral rebound.

[Intra-individual heterostyly in Atriplex halimus L. (Amaranthaceae)].

Classically, the Atriplex halimus L. female flower is perianthless, has two bracteoles, one ovary and one style. Considering bracteoles, one can distinguish, among the representatives of two Tunisian populations, three phenotypes of female flowers, each of them being distributed in three types according to the style length.

Flower architecture and sex determination: how does Atriplex halimus play with floral morphogenesis and sex genes?

•  Atriplex halimus , a monoecious Chenopodiaceae , produces flowers displaying two basic architectures. •  The first architectural pattern is made of staminate pentamerous flowers with an external whorl of yellowish tepals and an internal whorl of stamens. The second architectural pattern consists of female flowers with a single carpel enclosed within two opposite bracts.