Publications by authors named "A Takekoshi"
Background: Advances in diagnostic procedures have led to an increasing rate of diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis or paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (AE/PNS) among patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)-like manifestations.
Methods: In this narrative review, we first discuss the clinical characteristics of AE/PNS in comparison to those of PSP, followed by a discussion of diagnosis and treatment.
Results: The antibodies involved in these conditions include anti-IgLON5, -Ma2, and -Ri antibodies, each of which has a characteristic clinical presentation.
Article Synopsis
- Contactin-associated protein 1 (Caspr1) is found throughout the peripheral and central nervous systems, but cases linking anti-Caspr1 antibodies to CNS symptoms have been rare.
- A 69-year-old man with polyneuropathy and memory loss tested positive for anti-Caspr1 antibodies in both his blood and cerebrospinal fluid, leading to a diagnosis of anti-Caspr1 nodopathy.
- Following treatment with rituximab, the patient's symptoms—including polyneuropathy and memory issues—significantly improved, highlighting the need to consider CNS effects of anti-Caspr1 antibodies.
Article Synopsis
- Two patients diagnosed with multiple system atrophy (MSA) exhibited symptoms of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia and responded positively to immunotherapy.
- Patient 1 had mild improvement and showed inflammatory markers in his cerebrospinal fluid, while Patient 2 had a more aggressive progression of symptoms.
- Anti-neuronal antibodies were identified in both patients, specifically targeting Purkinje cell cytoplasm, suggesting a link between autoimmune processes and MSA-like symptoms.
Article Synopsis
- Two cases of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis following prolonged meningitis are discussed, highlighting a gap in existing literature.
- The patients experienced meningitis for 60 days and 22 days, which improved with treatments like intravenous methylprednisolone and plasmapheresis.
- The study suggests that anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be considered when diagnosing patients with long-lasting meningitis, especially since the patients had particularly lengthy episodes of meningitis.