Celiac disease in children with type 1 diabetes varies around the world: An international, cross-sectional study of 57 375 patients from the SWEET registry.

Background: Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at much higher risk of developing celiac disease (CD) than the general population. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and differences in clinical presentation of CD in T1D in different regions of the world.

Methods: This study is based on the Better control in Pediatric and Adolescent diabeteS: Working to crEate cEnTers of Reference (SWEET) database.

Follow-up of parenchymal changes in the thyroid gland with diffuse autoimmune thyroiditis in children prior to the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: To present the outcomes of ultrasound (US) follow-ups in children with autoimmune thyroid disease who did not have a thyroid nodule on admission but developed papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to characterize the parenchymal changes in the thyroid gland prior to the development of PTC.

Methods: A retrospective thyroid US scan review of 327 patients diagnosed with AIT was performed. Forty patients (40/327, 12.

A prospective comparison of antibiotic usage in pediatric surgical patients: the safety, advantage, and effectiveness of the Surgical Infection Society guidelines versus a common practice.

Background: The Surgical Infection Society (SIS) guidelines for antibiotic (Ab) usage minimally changed the surgical practice. The authors believed that clinical evidence of the safety, advantage, and effectiveness of SIS guidelines may improve inappropriate usage of Ab.

Methods: A group of dedicated surgeons attempted to use Ab appropriately to SIS guidelines in their patients (group A).