Evolving strategies for addressing CAR T-cell toxicities.

The field of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has grown from a fully experimental concept to now boasting a multitude of treatments including six FDA-approved products targeting various hematologic malignancies. Yet, along with their efficacy, these therapies come with side effects requiring timely and thoughtful interventions. In this review, we discuss the most common toxicities associated with CAR T-cells to date, highlighting risk factors, prognostication, implications for critical care management, patient experience optimization, and ongoing work in the field of toxicity mitigation.

Up for the tackle? The pelvic floor and rugby. A review.

The pelvic floor and its associated disorders are a unique and often overlooked aspect of women's rugby. This review discusses relevant biopsychosocial considerations specific to the pelvic floor and rugby. Pelvic floor disorders can present at any time across the female lifespan but are more prevalent during pregnancy and postpartum.

Type I IFN-mediated NET release promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication and is associated with granuloma caseation.

Neutrophils are the most abundant cell type in the airways of tuberculosis patients. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection induces the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); however, the molecular regulation and impact of NET release on Mtb pathogenesis are unknown. We find that during Mtb infection in neutrophils, PAD4 citrullinates histones to decondense chromatin that gets released as NETs in a manner that can maintain neutrophil viability and promote Mtb replication.

Trial of an Inexpensive Training Simulation Model for Laparoscopic Appendicectomy.

Introduction Laparoscopic surgery is now the gold standard for many common procedures; however, there has been a lack of emphasis on laparoscopic training at the junior level. Simulation is an effective form of training in surgery, but surgical simulation models and courses can be expensive and inaccessible to medical students and foundation doctors. With procedures becoming more minimally invasive, it is key that we train laparoscopic skills at an earlier stage; and to do so, we need to remove the barriers of cost and accessibility.