Grazing-induced cattle behaviour modulates the secondary production in a Eurasian steppe ecosystem.

Livestock-grassland interactions are among the most important relationships in grazed grassland ecosystems, where herbivores play a crucial role in plant community and ecosystem functions. However, previous studies primarily have focused on the responses of grasslands to grazing, with few focussing on the effects of livestock behaviour that in turn would influence livestock intake and primary and secondary productivity. Through a 2-year grazing intensity experiment with cattle in Eurasian steppe ecosystem, global positioning system (GPS) collars were used to monitor animal movements, where animal locations were recorded at 10-min intervals during the growing season.

Comparative analysis of statistical methods for landslide susceptibility mapping in the Bostanlik District, Uzbekistan.

The Bostanlik district, Uzbekistan, is characterized by mountainous terrain susceptible to landslides. The present study aims at creating a statistically derived landslide susceptibility map - the first of its type for Uzbekistan - for part of the area in order to inform risk management. Statistical index (SI), frequency ratio (FR) and certainty factor (CF) are employed and compared for this purpose.

[Preparation of the large intestine for the surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction].

Obstruction of the large intestine of tumorous origin was treated by the traditional methods in 191 patients: an emergency operation in peritonitis or nonoperative management of the obstruction by cleansing enema, purgatives, and infusion-transfusion therapy. In another group of 341 patients emergency colonoscopy and ultrasonic diagnosis were resorted to and the "obstruction index" (Deltz et al. 1989) was used for objectification of the indications for an emergency operation.

[Echinococcotomy of the upper lobe of the lung in children].

The authors analysed the immediate and late-term results of echinococcectomy of the upper pulmonary lobe in 71 children 3 to 14 years of age conducted by Delbet's (18), A. A. Vishnevsky's (20) and A.