Publications by authors named "A T J Torrance"
Article Synopsis
- The rise of large language models (LLMs) has sparked debates over their environmental impacts, with some studies suggesting they have a high carbon footprint, while others claim they can promote sustainability.
- A comparative analysis shows that LLMs can have a lower environmental impact than human labor, especially in the U.S., with certain LLMs being significantly more efficient in terms of energy, carbon emissions, and costs.
- Despite the potential benefits of using LLMs over human workers, economic and practical considerations likely mean a combination of both in the workforce, and further research is needed to assess the long-term sustainability of increasingly larger LLMs.
As AI systems proliferate, their greenhouse gas emissions are an increasingly important concern for human societies. In this article, we present a comparative analysis of the carbon emissions associated with AI systems (ChatGPT, BLOOM, DALL-E2, Midjourney) and human individuals performing equivalent writing and illustrating tasks. Our findings reveal that AI systems emit between 130 and 1500 times less CO2e per page of text generated compared to human writers, while AI illustration systems emit between 310 and 2900 times less CO2e per image than their human counterparts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNasopharyngeal malignant melanoma masquerading in the gallbladder: the importance of histological assessment.
Ann R Coll Surg Engl
November 2023
Metastatic melanoma of the gallbladder is a rare entity that is often diagnosed late, leading to a poor prognosis. The disease may present insidiously as acute cholecystitis or remain asymptomatic. Optimal management remains unclear but surgical resection is considered the mainstay of treatment for this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure to aquatic environments (i.e., blue spaces) can lead to improved mental health and well-being.
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