Highly Accurate, Non-Invasive Early Identification of Infants with a Filaggrin Loss-of-Function Mutation by in vivo Raman Spectroscopy, followed from birth to 12 months.

Background: Loss-of-function FLG-mutation (FLGmut) carriers are at increased risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD), characterized by earlier onset and more severe disease. AD is driven by a complex interplay between skin barrier function, Th2 and Th2 dominant immune dysregulation and dysbiosis. Results from the STOP AD study suggest two early, initiating AD-pathogenetic pathways; a FLGmut-related skin barrier deficiency pathway, and an immune function-related inflammatory pathway.

The Calicophoron daubneyi genome provides new insight into mechanisms of feeding, eggshell synthesis and parasite-microbe interactions.

Background: The rumen fluke, Calicophoron daubneyi, is the major paramphistome species infecting ruminants within Europe. Adult flukes reside within the rumen where they are in direct contact with a unique collection of microorganisms. Here, we report a 1.

Blood and urinary cytokine balance and renal outcomes at orthopaedic surgery.

Background: In patients undergoing orthopaedic trauma surgery, acute kidney injury (AKI) can develop post-operatively and is a major cause of increased mortality and hospital stay time. Development of AKI is associated with three main processes: inflammation, ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and hypoperfusion. In this study, we investigated whether ratios of urine and blood anti-inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers of hypoperfusion, IRI and inflammation are elevated in patients who develop post-trauma orthopaedic surgery acute kidney injury (PTOS-AKI).

The Importance of Diagnostics in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in the United Kingdom.

Current diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the UK initially relies on self-reported patient symptoms with no point-of-care test robust enough to accurately identify the causative pathogen and inform on antibiotic susceptibility. In serious UTI cases, standard urine culture is regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis and involves direct isolation, culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing of pathogens. These methods are not suitable in initial UTI diagnosis and treatment because of the time taken to conduct these analyses (≥3 days).