Pharmacogenetics of the Treatment of Neglected Diseases.

Background/objectives: Pharmacogenetics (PGx) aims to identify individuals more likely to suffer from adverse reactions or therapeutic failure in drug treatments. However, despite most of the evidence in this area being from European populations, some diseases have also been neglected, such as HIV infection, malaria, and tuberculosis. With this review, we aim to emphasize which pharmacogenetic tests are ready to be implemented in treating neglected diseases that have some evidence and call attention to what is missing for these three diseases.

Improves Survival of and Mice During Lethal Infection with .

: is a vegetal species popularly used to treat fungal infections. This study evaluated the anti- effect of extract after lethal infection in larvae and mice. : The chemical profile analysis of a hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of (EHVG) identified 14 compounds.

Azole Antifungal Consumption in Community Pharmacy Sales in Mainland Portugal: Trend Analysis from 2014 to 2023.

: Excessive or inadequate use of antimicrobial drugs may lead to the emergence of resistant strains. For this reason, it is important to monitor consumption indicators to assess drugs' utilization over time. This study aimed to analyze the consumption of medically prescribed azole antifungal drugs in mainland Portugal from 2014 to 2023, focusing on those directed to genital infections: fluconazole, isoconazole, itraconazole, and sertaconazole.

Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Based Tool and a Universal Low-Cost Robotized Microscope for the Automated Diagnosis of Malaria.

The gold standard diagnosis for malaria is the microscopic visualization of blood smears to identify parasites, although it is an expert-dependent technique and could trigger diagnostic errors. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools based on digital image analysis were postulated as a suitable supportive alternative for automated malaria diagnosis. A diagnostic evaluation of the AI-based system was conducted in the reference laboratory of the International Health Unit Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron in Barcelona, Spain.

Predisposing Factors for Pseudoplacentational Endometrial Hyperplasia or Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia in Dogs and Their Association with Pyometra.

Pseudoplacentational endometrial hyperplasia (PEH) and cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) are both hyperplastic conditions that may occur in the canine uterus during diestrus. CEH can impair fertility, and, although the consequences of PEH are poorly known, this condition is significantly associated with pyometra. The aim of this study was to investigate frequencies of both PEH and CEH in female dogs according to age, size, breed, and breed group.