Hepatotoxicity from anabolic androgenic steroids marketed as dietary supplements: contribution from ATP8B1/ABCB11 mutations?

Background: Though possession of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) is illegal, non-prescription use of AAS persists.

Methods: We describe two Caucasian males (aged 25 and 45 years) with cholestatic hepatitis following ingestion of the dietary supplement Mass-Drol ('Celtic Dragon') containing the AAS 2α-17α-dimethyl-etiocholan-3-one,17β-ol.

Results: Despite substantial hyperbilirubinaemia peak gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) remained normal.

Source and characterization of hepatic macrophages in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure in humans.

Unlabelled: Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure (AALF) is associated with innate immunity activation, which contributes to the severity of hepatic injury and clinical outcome. A marked increase in hepatic macrophages (h-mφ) is observed in experimental models of AALF, but controversy exists regarding their role, implicating h-mφ in both aggravation and resolution of liver injury. The role of h-mφ in human AALF is virtually unexplored.

Respiratory failure secondary to malignant catatonia and klinefelter pulmonary deficits: successful electroconvulsive therapy.

Catatonia is a motor syndrome associated with disorders in behavior. Malignant catatonia (MC) is the form of acute catatonia dominated by fever and autonomic instability that may be fatal if inadequately treated. We present a case of MC complicated by respiratory failure in a patient with previously undiagnosed Klinefelter syndrome.