Understanding perioperative risk determinants in carotid endarterectomy: the impact of compromised circle of Willis morphology on inter-hemispheric blood flow indices based on intraoperative internal carotid artery stump pulse pressure and backflow patterns.

Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) often requires surgical intervention through carotid endarterectomy (CEA) to prevent stroke. Accurate cerebrovascular risk assessments are crucial in CEA, as poor collateral circulation can lead to insufficient interhemispheric blood flow compensation, resulting in ischemic complications. Therefore, understanding perioperative risk determinants is vital.

Transgenerational transmission of post-zygotic mutations suggests symmetric contribution of first two blastomeres to human germline.

Little is known about the origin of germ cells in humans. We previously leveraged post-zygotic mutations to reconstruct zygote-rooted cell lineage ancestry trees in a phenotypically normal woman, termed NC0. Here, by sequencing the genome of her children and their father, we analyze the transmission of early pre-gastrulation lineages and corresponding mutations across human generations.

Bayes beyond the predictive distribution.

Binz et al. argue that meta-learned models offer a new paradigm to study human cognition. Meta-learned models are proposed as alternatives to Bayesian models based on their capability to learn identical posterior predictive distributions.

Identifying Transfer Learning in the Reshaping of Inductive Biases.

Transfer learning, the reuse of newly acquired knowledge under novel circumstances, is a critical hallmark of human intelligence that has frequently been pitted against the capacities of artificial learning agents. Yet, the computations relevant to transfer learning have been little investigated in humans. The benefit of efficient inductive biases (meta-level constraints that shape learning, often referred as priors in the Bayesian learning approach), has been both theoretically and experimentally established.

A hypothesis on treatment strategy of severe multicentric Castleman disease with continuous renal replacement therapy.

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, with non-specific clinical manifestations, often delayed diagnosis and treatment, which pose a significant challenge in the present times. Patients diagnosed with this disease have poor prognosis due to the limited treatment options. Multicentric CD occurs at multiple lymph node stations and is associated with a proinflammatory response that leads to the development of the so-called 'B symptoms'.