[The "Nephrology outpatient Triage": an organizational model for the ambulatory care of patients with advanced renal disease].

The clinical course of outpatients with advanced chronic kidney disease requires a close monitoring by the nephrology team, in order to identify emerging clinical problems promptly and prevent subsequent complications. With the aim of improving the outpatient management in our clinic dedicated to advanced renal failure, we implemented the "Nephrology Clinic Triage" (NCT). This organizational model is coordinated by the nephrologist and supported by nurses.

Lung Ultrasound-Implemented Diagnosis of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in the ED: A SIMEU Multicenter Study.

Background: Lung ultrasonography (LUS) has emerged as a noninvasive tool for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. However, its use for the diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) still raises some concerns. We tested the hypothesis that an integrated approach implementing LUS with clinical assessment would have higher diagnostic accuracy than a standard workup in differentiating ADHF from noncardiogenic dyspnea in the ED.

The surface density of the glutamate transporter EAAC1 is controlled by interactions with PDZK1 and AP2 adaptor complexes.

The glutamate transporter excitatory amino acid carrier (EAAC1/EAAT3) mediates the absorption of dicarboxylic amino acids in epithelial cells as well as the uptake of glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Its cell-surface density is regulated by interaction with accessory proteins which remain to be identified. We detected a consensus sequence for interaction with post-synaptic density-95/Discs large/Zonula occludens (PDZ) proteins (-SQF) and a tyrosine-based internalization signal (-YVNG-) in the C-terminus of EAAC1, and investigated their role in the transporter localization.

Functional expression of type 1 rat GABA transporter in microinjected Xenopus laevis oocytes.

In this chapter we describe technical aspects and experimental potential of the two electrodes voltage clamp (TEVC) electrophysiological approach applied to the Xenopus oocyte-expression system. This technique is addressed to the study of a particular class of expressed proteins, those responsible to drive ion fluxes through the plasma membrane. In fact the voltage-clamp technique provides the most direct and sensitive measurement of the functional properties of ion channels and electrogenic transporters, allowing specific ion currents to be recorded under well-defined voltage conditions and temporal control.

Interaction between lysine 102 and aspartate 338 in the insect amino acid cotransporter KAAT1.

KAAT1 is a lepidopteran neutral amino acid transporter belonging to the NSS super family (SLC6), which has an unusual cation selectivity, being activated by K(+) and Li(+) in addition to Na(+). We have previously demonstrated that Asp338 is essential for KAAT1 activation by K(+) and for the coupling of amino acid and driver ion fluxes. By comparing sequences of NSS family members, site-directed mutagenesis, and expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes, we identified Lys102 as a residue likely to interact with Asp338.