Ligand-Based Pharmacophoric Design and Anti-inflammatory Evaluation of Triazole Linked Semisynthetic Labdane Conjugates.

This study employed a ligand-based pharmacophoric approach to design and synthesize 33 novel semisynthetic labdane-appended triazolyl isatins to discover potential anti-inflammatory agents. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the derivatives was evaluated by their ability to inhibit the production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6, in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.

Linker-Based Pharmacophoric Design and Semisynthesis of Labdane Conjugates Active against Multi-Faceted Inflammatory Targets.

Prolonged inflammation leads to the genesis of various inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's, etc. The uncontrolled inflammatory response is characterized by the excessive release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α), and inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Hence, the downregulation of these inflammatory mediators is an active therapy to control aberrant inflammation and tissue damage.

Higher-temperature-adapted dengue virus serotype 2 strain exhibits enhanced virulence in AG129 mouse model.

The factors that drive dengue virus (DENV) evolution, and selection of virulent variants are yet not clear. Higher environmental temperature shortens DENV extrinsic incubation period in mosquitoes, increases human transmission, and plays a critical role in outbreak dynamics. In the present study, we looked at the effect of temperature in altering the virus virulence.

Comprehensive Review on Medicinal Applications of Coumarin-Derived Imine-Metal Complexes.

Coumarins are fused six-membered oxygen-containing benzoheterocycles that join two synthetically useful rings: α-pyrone and benzene. A survey of the literature shows that coumarins and their metal complexes have received great interest from synthetic chemists, medicinal scientists, and pharmacists due to their wide spectrum of biological applications. For instance, coumarin and its derivatives have been used as precursors to prepare a large variety of medicinal agents.

Financial Burden and Catastrophic Health Expenditure Associated with COVID-19 Hospitalizations in Kerala, South India.

Introduction: Catastrophic health expenditure during COVID-19 hospitalization has altered the economic picture of households, especially in low resource settings with high rates of COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to estimate the out of pocket (OOP) expenditure and the proportion of households that incurred catastrophic health expenditure due to COVID-19 hospitalization in Kerala, South India.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 155 COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Kottayam district over four months, using a pretested interview schedule.