Adaptations in gut Bacteroidales facilitate stable co-existence with their lytic bacteriophages.

Background: Bacteriophages (phages) and bacteria within the gut microbiome persist in long-term stable coexistence. These interactions are driven by eco-evolutionary dynamics, where bacteria employ a variety of mechanisms to evade phage infection, while phages rely on counterstrategies to overcome these defences. Among the most abundant phages in the gut are the crAss-like phages that infect members of the Bacteroidales, in particular In this study, we explored some of the mechanisms enabling the co-existence of four phage-Bacteroidales host pairs using a multi-omics approach (transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics).

Isolation and characterization of ; a novel clade of phages within the subfamily .

Unlabelled: is a commensal inhabitant of the mammalian gut microbiota, frequently associated with various gastrointestinal diseases. There is increasing interest in comprehending the variety of bacteriophages (phages) that target this bacterium, as such insights could pave the way for their potential use in therapeutic applications. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of four newly identified infecting tailed phages (W70, A7-1, A5-4, and A73) that were found to constitute a novel genus, , within the subfamily .

Social fear extinction susceptibility is associated with Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis alterations.

Social anxiety disorder is a common psychiatric condition that severely affects quality of life of individuals and is a significant societal burden. Although many risk factors for social anxiety exist, it is currently unknown how social fear sensitivity manifests biologically. Furthermore, since some individuals are resilient and others are susceptible to social fear, it is important to interrogate the mechanisms underpinning individual response to social fear situations.