Analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry data of human skin treated with diclofenac using sparse autoencoder.

Methods that facilitate molecular identification and imaging are required to evaluate drug penetration into tissues. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), which has high spatial resolution and allows 3D distribution imaging of organic materials, is suitable for this purpose. However, the complexity of ToF-SIMS data, which includes nonlinear factors, makes interpretation challenging.

Raman spectroscopic investigation of phase changes and reactivity of 1-pentadecene under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.

The phase changes and reactivity of 1-pentadecene (CH) were investigated using Raman spectroscopy under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions using diamond anvil cells. At room temperature, the phase changes from liquid phase to solid phase I, and solid phase I to solid phase II were observed at 0.3 GPa and 4.

Evaluation of an integrated variable flip angle protocol to estimate coil B for hyperpolarized MRI.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to validate a simple and versatile integrated variable flip angle (VFA) method for mapping B in hyperpolarized MRI, which can be used to correct signal variations due to coil inhomogeneity.

Theory And Methods: Simulations were run to assess performance of the VFA B mapping method compared to the currently used constant flip angle (CFA) approach. Simulation results were used to inform the design of VFA sequences, validated in four volunteers for hyperpolarized xenon-129 imaging of the lungs and another four volunteers for hyperpolarized carbon-13 imaging of the human brain.

Enabling SENSE accelerated 2D CSI for hyperpolarized carbon-13 imaging.

As hyperpolarized (HP) carbon-13 (C) metabolic imaging is clinically translated, there is a need for easy-to-implement, fast, and robust imaging techniques. However, achieving high temporal resolution without decreasing spatial and/or spectral resolution, whilst maintaining the usability of the imaging sequence is challenging. Therefore, this study looked to accelerate HP C MRI by combining a well-established and robust sequence called two-dimensional Chemical Shift Imaging (2D CSI) with prospective under sampling and SENSitivity Encoding (SENSE) reconstruction.

Hyperpolarized Carbon 13 MRI: Clinical Applications and Future Directions in Oncology.

Hyperpolarized carbon 13 MRI (C MRI) is a novel imaging approach that can noninvasively probe tissue metabolism in both normal and pathologic tissues. The process of hyperpolarization increases the signal acquired by several orders of magnitude, allowing injected C-labeled molecules and their downstream metabolites to be imaged in vivo, thus providing real-time information on kinetics. To date, the most important reaction studied with hyperpolarized C MRI is exchange of the hyperpolarized C signal from injected [1-C]pyruvate with the resident tissue lactate pool.