Transient elastography of liver: Could it be a guide for diagnosis and management strategy in hepatic veno-occlusive disease (sinusoidal obstruction syndrome)?

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD), also termed sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), is a rare and life threatening complication of hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Many conditions can mimic the clinical signs of VOD/SOS. Differential diagnosis and diagnosis of the disease at an early stage is important, since the severe form of the disease has higher mortality rates and early-initiated specific treatment has better response rates.

In Xenopus ependymal cilia drive embryonic CSF circulation and brain development independently of cardiac pulsatile forces.

Background: Hydrocephalus, the pathological expansion of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled cerebral ventricles, is a common, deadly disease. In the adult, cardiac and respiratory forces are the main drivers of CSF flow within the brain ventricular system to remove waste and deliver nutrients. In contrast, the mechanics and functions of CSF circulation in the embryonic brain are poorly understood.