Publications by authors named "A Segard"
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (Tbg) group 2 is a subgroup of trypanosomes able to infect humans and is found in West and Central Africa. Unlike other agents causing sleeping sickness, such as Tbg group 1 and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Tbg2 lacks the typical molecular markers associated with resistance to human serum. Only 36 strains of Tbg2 have been documented, and therefore, very limited research has been conducted despite their zoonotic nature.
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- Tsetse flies transmit harmful trypanosomes that cause Human African Trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa, leading to disease in both humans and livestock.
- A control program was initiated in Maro, Chad in 2018 to reduce the tsetse fly population, specifically targeting the species Glossina fuscipes fuscipes.
- Genetic analysis revealed that while most flies were local, some had different genetic profiles, indicating ongoing gene flow and suggesting that control efforts may have had limited effectiveness; continuous monitoring is advised, especially near the border with the Central African Republic.
African trypanosomoses, whose pathogens are transmitted by tsetse flies, are a threat to animal and human health. Tsetse flies observed at the military base of the French Forces in Côte d'Ivoire (FFCI base) were probably involved in the infection and death of military working dogs. Entomological and parasitological surveys were carried out during the rainy and dry seasons using "Vavoua" traps to identify tsetse fly species, their distribution, favorable biotopes and food sources, as well as the trypanosomes they harbor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVector competence of sterile male Glossina fuscipes fuscipes for Trypanosoma brucei brucei: implications for the implementation of the sterile insect technique in a sleeping sickness focus in Chad.
Parasit Vectors
March 2023
Article Synopsis
- Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a disease caused by the Trypanosoma brucei gambiense parasite, transmitted by tsetse flies in sub-Saharan Africa, primarily in Chad's Mandoul focus.
- A control project using the sterile insect technique (SIT) to eliminate tsetse flies is underway, but the release of sterile males could temporarily increase parasite transmission risk.
- Experimental results show that sterile male tsetse flies are unlikely to transmit the T. b. brucei parasite, indicating that they may not pose a significant risk of cyclical transmission.
Free-ranging pigs identified as a multi-reservoir of Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense in the Vavoua area, a historical sleeping sickness focus of Côte d'Ivoire.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2021
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the potential animal reservoir of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, responsible for human African trypanosomiasis, in pigs and humans in a historical focus area of the disease in Vavoua.
- Among 345 people tested, no HAT cases were found, but a high infection rate was observed in free-ranging pigs, with over 70% testing positive for various trypanosome species, particularly T. brucei.
- The findings suggest free-ranging pigs may serve as a multi-reservoir for trypanosomes, complicating detection efforts for T. b. gambiense, indicating a need for better research tools to understand animal roles in HAT transmission.