Intraoperative imaging and navigation of the petrous apex by infralabyrinthine route.

Intraoperative imaging during skull-base surgery allows the operator to control surgical dissection and to tailor the approach, reducing morbidity due to inadequate resection or reintervention. The O-arm® (Medtronic, Fridley, MN, USA) navigation system is an intraoperative cone-beam CT device that was first designed for spinal surgery but now has applications in lateral skull-base surgery. In this technical note, we present a patient with petrous apex cholesterol granuloma located medial to the intrapetrous internal carotid artery and in the infralabyrinthine compartment.

Estimating conflict losses and reporting biases.

Determining the number of casualties and fatalities suffered in militarized conflicts is important for conflict measurement, forecasting, and accountability. However, given the nature of conflict, reliable statistics on casualties are rare. Countries or political actors involved in conflicts have incentives to hide or manipulate these numbers, while third parties might not have access to reliable information.

Profile of workers receiving disability benefits for depressive conditions in south Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Introduction: In recent years, mental disorders have remained the third leading cause of sick-pay benefits due to incapacity for work in Brazil.

Objectives: To assess the profile and outcomes of workers receiving sick pay for depression through the Criciúma unit of the Brazilian National Social Security Institute (Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, INSS).

Methods: The study was carried out using data obtained from the Electronic System Portal of the INSS Citizen Information Service of Criciúma, state of Santa Catarina.

Frequency Fitting Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithm in Cochlear Implant Users with Bimodal Binaural Hearing.

Unlabelled: Optimizing hearing in patients with a unilateral cochlear implant (CI) and contralateral acoustic hearing is a challenge. Evolutionary algorithms (EA) can explore a large set of potential solutions in a stochastic manner to approach the optimum of a minimization problem. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate an EA-based protocol to modify the default frequency settings of a MAP (fMAP) of the CI in patients with bimodal hearing.

A BAYESIAN NONPARAMETRIC MODEL FOR INFERRING SUBCLONAL POPULATIONS FROM STRUCTURED DNA SEQUENCING DATA.

There are distinguishing features or "hallmarks" of cancer that are found across tumors, individuals, and types of cancer, and these hallmarks can be driven by specific genetic mutations. Yet, within a single tumor there is often extensive genetic heterogeneity as evidenced by single-cell and bulk DNA sequencing data. The goal of this work is to jointly infer the underlying genotypes of tumor subpopulations and the distribution of those subpopulations in individual tumors by integrating single-cell and bulk sequencing data.