[Differences in thyroid function between small for gestational age and those with appropriate weight for gestational age. Is thyroid function normal in small for gestational age newborns?].

Introduction: Several studies conclude that small for gestational age (SGA) children have a higher number of comorbidities, as well as a different hormonal profile compared to those with appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA). Thyroid hormones play an important role in growth and neurocognitive development. Thyroid function in SGA children is still not completely known.

Has the adipokine profile an influence on the catch-up growth type in small for gestational age infants?

Infants born small for gestational age (SGA) are at increased risk of perinatal morbidity, persistent short stature, and metabolic alterations in later life. Moreover, the post-natal growth pattern of SGA infants may be an important contributor to health outcomes later in life, which can be influenced by adipokines. The aims of this study were to compare plasma adipokine profiles (leptin, adiponectin, vaspin, chemerin, and nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV/CCN3)) among SGA newborns aged 3 months, with low, normal, or high catch-up, to search for potential differences between males and females and to analyze the evolution of several adipokines in plasma from SGA newborns between 3 and 24 months.

The effect of a multidisciplinary intervention program on hepatic adiposity in overweight-obese children: protocol of the EFIGRO study.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most frequent liver abnormality observed in overweight or obese children and is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.

Objectives: (i) To evaluate the effect of a 22-week multidisciplinary intervention program on hepatic fat fraction in overweight or obese children and (ii) to examine the effect of the intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors, self-esteem and well-being.

Methods: A total of 160 children, 9-11 years, will be recruited by pediatricians and randomly assigned to control (N = 80) or intervention (N = 80) groups.