Magnetic Resonance Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (MR-ARFI).

This review covers the theoretical background, pulse sequence considerations, practical implementations, and multitudes of applications of magnetic resonance acoustic radiation force imaging (MR-ARFI) described to date. MR-ARFI is an approach to encode tissue displacement caused by the acoustic radiation force of a focused ultrasound field into the phase of a MR image. The displacement encoding is done with motion encoding gradients (MEG) which have traditionally been added to spin echo-type and gradient recalled echo-type pulse sequences.

Computational predictions of magnetic resonance acoustic radiation force imaging for breast cancer focused ultrasound therapy.

Purpose: In magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) breast therapies, the focal location must be characterized to guide successful treatment. Focal characterization is difficult because heterogeneous breast tissues introduce phase aberrations that blur and shift the focus and traditional guidance methods do not work in adipose tissues. The purpose of this work is to evaluate numerical simulations of MRgFUS that predict the focal location.

Effect of Antiseptic Irrigation Solutions on Primary Human Knee Fibroblasts Cultured in Human Platelet Lysate.

Background: Native and periprosthetic joint infections are devastating conditions fraught with patient morbidity and mortality. Aseptic and septic joints are often debrided and irrigated to decrease bacterial loads when preventing or treating infection. However, the effect of clinically used irrigation solutions on the native cellular components of the synovial joint is unknown.

Lack of Competence of US Mosquito Species for Circulating Oropouche Virus.

Given recent outbreaks of Oropouche virus in Latin America and >100 confirmed travel-associated cases in the United States, we evaluated the competence of US vectors, including Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex pipiens, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes. Results with historic and recent isolates suggest transmission potential for those species is low.

In vivo simultaneous proton resonance frequency shift thermometry and single reference variable flip angle T measurements.

Purpose: The single reference variable flip angle sequence with a multi-echo stack of stars acquisition (SR-VFA-SoS) simultaneously measures temperature change using proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift and T-based thermometry methods. This work evaluates SR-VFA-SoS thermometry in MR-guided focused ultrasound in an in vivo rabbit model.

Methods: Simultaneous PRF shift thermometry and T-based thermometry were obtained in a New Zealand white rabbit model (n = 7) during MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery using the SR-VFA-SoS sequence at 3 T.