[Primary chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible in children: etiology and diagnostics].

Primary chronic osteomyelitis (PCO) is a rare non-bacterial autoinflammatory severe disease that most often affects children aged 7 to 12 years and is much less common in adults. The most common areas of lesion are long tubular bones, however, any bones of the skeleton, including the lower jaw, can be affected. The clinical picture of this disease is complex and similar to many tumor and tumor-like bone lesions, which often leads to a significant delay in making a correct diagnosis.

Mummy of a juvenile sabre-toothed cat Homotherium latidens from the Upper Pleistocene of Siberia.

The frozen mummy of the large felid cub was found in the Upper Pleistocene permafrost on the Badyarikha River (Indigirka River basin) in the northeast of Yakutia, Russia. The study of the specimen appearance showed its significant differences from a modern lion cub of similar age (three weeks) in the unusual shape of the muzzle with a large mouth opening and small ears, the very massive neck region, the elongated forelimbs, and the dark coat color. Tomographic analysis of the mummy skull revealed the features characteristic of Machairodontinae and of the genus Homotherium.

The skull of Hapalodectes (Hapalodectidae, Mesonychia) from the Paleocene of Mongolia.

The incomplete skull of Hapalodectes (Hapalodectidae, Mesonychia) is described from the Upper Paleocene Naran Member of the Naran Bulak Formation of the Khaychin-Ula 2 locality in the Bugin Tsav Basin in the south of Mongolia. This is the first discovery of the skull of a Paleocene member of the genus. The skull corresponds in size and dental occlusion to the species H.

Etruscan Wolf Canis etruscus (Canidae, Carnivora) from the Early Pleistocene of Crimea (Taurida Cave).

The cranial and mandibular fragments of the medium-sized canid from the Early Pleistocene locality of Taurida cave (about 1.8-1.5 Ma) in Crimea are described and included in the hypodigm of the species Canis etruscus Forsyth Major, 1877, a common member of the Late Villafranchian fauna of the Circum-Mediterranean region.

Cheetah Acinonyx pardinensis (Felidae, Carnivora) from the Early Pleistocene of Crimea (Taurida Cave).

A mandible fragment of Acinonyx pardinensis (Croizet et Jobert, 1828) is described from the Early Pleistocene locality in the Taurida cave (Crimea, Late Villafranchian, about 1.8-1.5 Ma).