PFAS-Contaminated Pesticides Applied near Public Supply Wells Disproportionately Impact Communities of Color in California.

Contaminated drinking water from widespread environmental pollutants such as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) poses a rising threat to public health. PFAS monitoring in groundwater is limited and fails to consider pesticides found to contain PFAS as a potential contamination source. Given previous findings on the disproportionate exposure of communities of Color to both pesticides and PFAS, we investigated disparities in PFAS-contaminated pesticide applications in California based on community-level sociodemographic characteristics.

Tree variability limits the detection of nutrient treatment effects on sap flux density in a northern hardwood forest.

The influence of nutrient availability on transpiration is not well understood, in spite of the importance of transpiration to forest water budgets. Soil nutrients have the potential to affect tree water use through indirect effects on leaf area or stomatal conductance. For example, following addition of calcium silicate to a watershed at Hubbard Brook, in New Hampshire, streamflow was reduced for 3 years, which was attributed to a 25% increase in evapotranspiration associated with increased foliar production.

Auditory-motor mapping training as an intervention to facilitate speech output in non-verbal children with autism: a proof of concept study.

Although up to 25% of children with autism are non-verbal, there are very few interventions that can reliably produce significant improvements in speech output. Recently, a novel intervention called Auditory-Motor Mapping Training (AMMT) has been developed, which aims to promote speech production directly by training the association between sounds and articulatory actions using intonation and bimanual motor activities. AMMT capitalizes on the inherent musical strengths of children with autism, and offers activities that they intrinsically enjoy.

Cross-linguistic relations between quantifiers and numerals in language acquisition: evidence from Japanese.

A study of 104 Japanese-speaking 2- to 5-year-olds tested the relation between numeral and quantifier acquisition. A first study assessed Japanese children's comprehension of quantifiers, numerals, and classifiers. Relative to English-speaking counterparts, Japanese children were delayed in numeral comprehension at 2 years of age but showed no difference at 3 and 4 years of age.