Increase of apoplastic ascorbate induced by ozone is insufficient to remove the negative effects in tobacco, soybean and poplar.

Apoplastic ascorbate (ASC) is an important contributor to the detoxification of ozone (O). The objective of the study is to explore whether ASC is stimulated by elevated O concentrations. The detoxification of O by ASC was quantified in tobacco (Nicotiana L), soybean (Glycine max (L.

Tropospheric ozone assessment report: Global ozone metrics for climate change, human health, and crop/ecosystem research.

Assessment of spatial and temporal variation in the impacts of ozone on human health, vegetation, and climate requires appropriate metrics. A key component of the is the consistent calculation of these metrics at thousands of monitoring sites globally. Investigating temporal trends in these metrics required that the same statistical methods be applied across these ozone monitoring sites.

Aggregate G-Buffer Anti-Aliasing -Extended Version.

We present Aggregate G-Buffer Anti-Aliasing (AGAA), a new technique for efficient anti-aliased deferred rendering of complex geometry using modern graphics hardware. In geometrically complex situations where many surfaces intersect a pixel, current rendering systems shade each contributing surface at least once per pixel. As the sample density and geometric complexity increase, the shading cost becomes prohibitive for real-time rendering.

Frustum-Traced Irregular Z-Buffers: Fast, Sub-pixel Accurate Hard Shadows.

We further describe and analyze a real-time system for rendering antialiased hard shadows using irregular z-buffers (IZBs) that we first presented in Wyman et al. [1]. We focus on identifying bottlenecks, exploring these from an algorithmic complexity standpoint, and presenting techniques to improve performance.

Establishing policy relevant background (PRB) ozone concentrations in the United States.

Policy Relevant Background (PRB) ozone concentrations are defined by the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as those concentrations that would occur in the U.