Typology of intravesical prostatic protrusions, or so-called median lobes, in middle-aged and older men.

Purpose: Changes related to prostatic ageing include an increase of prostate volume and morphologic distortions of the prostatic edges in middle-aged and older men. These changes of the prostate exhibit a certain level of heterogeneity, which is clinically obvious for surgeons, radiologists, and anatomists, and which can be explained by the complex nature of the embryologic/anatomic development of the prostate. While the etiology of the median lobe has typically been attributed to a growth and protrusion of the prostatic area at the top of the utricle, we argue that this is not necessarily the case as intravesical protrusions of the prostate have also been observed laterally and anteriorly to the bladder neck, suggesting the involvement of other prostatic zones, thereby highlighting the need to refine the concept of the median lobe.

Renin-angiotensin system blockade promotes a cardio-renal protection in albuminuric homozygous sickle cell patients.

The management of sickle cell nephropathy (SCN) at an early stage is an important issue to prevent renal and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate in this population, whether angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) treatment could exert a cardio-renal protection in a SCN cohort. Forty-two SCN patients (urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) > 10 mg/mmol) were treated with ACEIs for 6 months, then evaluated for ACR, measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) together with haematological and cardiovascular parameters.

[Acute obstructive nephropathy: A pathophysiological view].

Obstructive acute renal failure is a heterogeneous entity as the pathophysiology of intratubular obstruction is quite different from upper tract obstruction. In the former case, tubules are dilated due to a high hydrostatic pressure whereas pressures are normal in urinary upper tract. In the latter case, a high pressure above the ureteral obstacle is responsible for dilated renal cavities leading to extrinsic compression with no or only few dilated tubules though high hydrostatic pressure are recorded within tubules.

Plasma heme-induced renal toxicity is related to a capillary rarefaction.

Severe hypertension can lead to malignant hypertension (MH) with renal thrombotic microangiopathy and hemolysis. The role of plasma heme release in this setting is unknown. We aimed at evaluating the effect of a mild plasma heme increase by hemin administration in angiotensin II (AngII)-mediated hypertensive rats.

Prevalence and correlates of metabolic acidosis among patients with homozygous sickle cell disease.

Background And Objectives: Very few studies report acid base disorders in homozygous patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) and describe incomplete renal acidosis rather than true metabolic acidosis, the prevalence of which is unknown and presumably low. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of metabolic acidosis and to identify its risk factors and mechanisms.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: This study retrospectively analyzed 411 homozygous patients with SCA with a GFR ≥ 60 ml/min per 1.