Publications by authors named "A S Duchow"
Real-world multicentre cohort study on choices and effectiveness of immunotherapies in NMOSD and MOGAD.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
December 2024
Background: Recurrent attacks in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) can lead to severe disability. We aimed to analyse the real-world use of immunotherapies in patients with NMOSD and MOGAD, focusing on changes in treatment strategies, effects on attack rates (ARR) and risk factors for attacks.
Methods: This longitudinal registry-based cohort study included 493 patients (320 with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive NMOSD (65%), 44 with AQP4-IgG seronegative NMOSD (9%) and 129 MOGAD (26%)) with 1247 treatments from 19 German and one Austrian centre from the registry of the neuromyelitis optica study group (NEMOS).
Background: Optic neuritis (ON) is a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein IgG-associated disease (MOGAD). This study evaluated the applicability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for differentiating between both diseases in two independent cohorts.
Methods: One hundred sixty two patients from seven sites underwent standard OCT and high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA) testing at least 6 months after first ON.
Pro-inflammatory autoantigen-specific CD4 T helper (auto-Th) cells are central orchestrators of autoimmune diseases (AIDs). We aimed to characterize these cells in human AIDs with defined autoantigens by combining human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-tetramer-based and activation-based multidimensional ex vivo analyses. In aquaporin4-antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD) patients, auto-Th cells expressed CD154, but proliferative capacity and pro-inflammatory cytokines were strongly reduced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study focused on understanding how disability accumulates in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), examining factors like disease duration, attack frequency, and age.* -
- Data from 483 patients indicated that NMOSD patients reached significant disability milestones much sooner than MOGAD patients, despite similar attack rates; older age at symptom onset was linked to higher disability risk.* -
- Overall, NMOSD and MOGAD exhibit different patterns of disability progression, with MOGAD being less severe, and recent research has enhanced awareness and treatment strategies, positively impacting patient outcomes.*
Article Synopsis
- A study investigated the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) for treating acute myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) attacks.
- The research involved analyzing data from 39 patients across seven neuroimmunology centers, focusing on patient demographics and symptoms before and after IVIG treatment.
- Results showed significant improvements in disability and visual acuity following IVIG administration, suggesting it may be a beneficial treatment for MOGAD, although further studies are needed to confirm these findings.