Comparative analysis of miRNA expression in dedifferentiated and well-differentiated components of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a rare malignant cartilage tumor arising out of a low-grade chondrosarcoma, whereby the well-differentiated and the dedifferentiated components coexist in the same localization. DDCS has a massively increased metastatic potential in comparison to low-grade chondrosarcoma. So far, the underlying mechanisms of DDCS development and the increased malignancy are widely unknown.

Genetics and epigenetics in conventional chondrosarcoma with focus on non-coding RNAs.

The detection of mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH 1/2) as tumor driver genes in chondromas and chondrosarcomas more than ten years ago was a first major step for better understanding the molecular carcinogenenesis of these rare mesenchymal tumors. Within the TCA cycle, wild-typ IDH1/2 catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG). IDH mutations catalyze the production of a non-physiological metabolite, D-2hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) from α-KG.

Disruption of Jmjd3/p16 Signaling Pathway Causes Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (BPOP)-like Lesion in Mice.

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP), or Nora's lesion, is a rare benign osteochondromatous lesion. At present, the molecular etiology of BPOP remains unclear. JMJD3(KDM6B) is an H3K27me3 demethylase and counteracts polycomb-mediated transcription repression.

Diagnostic value of syndecan-4 protein expression in colorectal cancer.

The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly dependent on the disease stage at diagnosis. Therefore, it is crucial to study molecules involved in the progression of colorectal cancer tumorigenesis and to shed light on their potential use as targetable proteins in diagnostics and therapy. As syndecan-4 (SDC4) is a transmembrane proteoglycan with important functions in cell adhesion, migration, cytoskeleton organization, and gene expression through the binding of extracellular matrix molecules, it might play a role in local tumor cell invasion.