Prevalence of craniosynostosis in Finland, 1987-2010: A population-based study.

Background: Craniosynostosis is a prevalent craniofacial malformation in Finland; however, comprehensive population-based epidemiological data are limited. This study aimed to estimate the total and birth prevalence of craniosynostosis in Finland from 1987 to 2010 and examine temporal trends.

Methods: We collected the data from nationwide registers maintained by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and Statistics Finland, as well as treating hospitals, encompassing live births, stillbirths, terminations for fetal anomalies, and infant deaths with suspected or diagnosed craniosynostosis or skull deformation.

Monthly variation in univentricular heart and transposition of the great arteries - 10-year national population-based cohort study.

Objective: Monthly variation in the total prevalence of the univentricular heart (UVH) and dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) at gestational age 7 + 0 weeks was assessed to determine potential environmental factors, such as viral or bacterial infections, underlying the variation.

Study Design: The nationwide retrospective ten-year population-based cohort consisted of 592 733 births and 2764 terminated pregnancies due to fetal anomaly. The pre- or postnatally diagnosed cases of UVH (n = 440) and simple d-TGA (n = 127) from five national registers included live births, stillbirths, and pregnancy terminations due to fetal anomaly.

Perinatal and perioperative factors associated with mortality and an increased need for hospital care in infants with transposition of the great arteries: A nationwide 11-year population-based cohort.

Introduction: Newborn infants with transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) need immediate care for an optimal outcome. This study comprised a nationwide 11-year population-based cohort of d-TGA infants, and assessed whether the implementation of a nationwide systematic fetal screening program, or other perinatal, or perioperative factors, are associated with mortality or an increased need for hospital care.

Material And Methods: The national cohort consisted of all live-born infants with simple d-TGA (TGA ± small ventricular septal defect, n = 127) born in Finland during 2004-2014.

Multi-Axis Fatigue Experimentation System of Intramedullary Implants for Femur and Tibia.

Current designs of leg-lengthening implants have faced serious failures due to inadequacies in the mechanical design. The failure typically is the result of fatigue induced by a combined loading condition with axial and shear components acting in the tubular body of the implant. One of the reasons leading to the failure is improper verification testing for the design of the fatigue limit.