Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV) for endoscopic laryngotracheal surgery in more than 1500 patients.

Background: Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV), which does not require any tracheal tubes or catheters, was developed specifically for use in laryngotracheal surgery. SHFJV uses two jet streams with different frequencies simultaneously and is applied in the supraglottic space using a jet laryngoscope and jet ventilator.

Methods: Between 1990 and 2004, SHFJV was studied in 1515 consecutive patients (including 158 children requiring laryngotracheal surgery) prospectively.

Simvastatin reduces serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor in hypercholesterolemic patients.

Vascular endothelial growth factor plays a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and causes instability of atherosclerotic plaques by inducing neoangiogenesis inside the current plaque. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL-) 6 induces vascular endothelial growth factor in smooth muscle cells (SMC). HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), display beside their lipid-lowering potency various pleiotropic effects.

Simvastatin reduces the expression of adhesion molecules in circulating monocytes from hypercholesterolemic patients.

Objective: The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1/CD54) and its ligand, CD11a/CD18, mediate endothelial adhesion of leukocytes and their consecutive transmigration. Anti-inflammatory effects of statins are considered to be exerted in part through inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial interactions. We investigated the in vivo effects of simvastatin treatment in hypercholesterolemic patients and the influence of various statins on expression of cellular adhesion molecules in vitro.

Cerivastatin and atorvastatin inhibit IL-3-dependent differentiation and IgE-mediated histamine release in human basophils and downmodulate expression of the basophil-activation antigen CD203c/E-NPP3.

Recent data suggest that the statins, apart from their lipid-lowering activity, exhibit profound anti-inflammatory effects. Basophils are major proinflammatory effector cells in diverse pathologic reactions. We have examined the in vitro effects of five different statins on primary human basophils, their progenitors, and the basophil cell line KU-812.

Simvastatin reduces expression of cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in circulating monocytes from hypercholesterolemic patients.

Objective: A number of studies have shown that statins decrease morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The anti-inflammatory effects of statins have recently been implicated in the clinical benefit that can be obtained in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Little is known about the mechanisms by which statins counteract inflammation.