Orthodontic treatment and biological limits: a retrospective clinical trial.

Background: The fundamental part of every successful orthodontic treatment is the detailed treatment planning including a precise determination of the virtual treatment objective (VTO) while considering the biological and anatomical limits. The aim of this study is to investigate and to compare the feasibility of the established reference values before and after orthodontic treatment and to determine the usefulness of this parameters as guidance for the sagittal anterior, sagittal posterior and transverse biological boundaries.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two patients aged 9 to 18 years (12 male and 20 female) with all permanent teeth present were randomly selected for orthodontic treatment with fixed multibracket appliance regardless of the potential malocclusion.

Fused filament fabrication (FFF): influence of layer height on forces and moments delivered by aligners-an in vitro study.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of layer height of FFF-printed models on aligner force transmission to a second maxillary premolar during buccal torquing, distalization, extrusion, and rotation using differing foil thicknesses.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing OnyxCeph™ Lab (Image Instruments GmbH, Chemnitz, Germany, Release Version 3.2.

Design, numerical simulation, and in vitro examination of a CAD/CAM-fabricated active orthodontic treatment element.

Aim: Orthodontic treatments with custom-made active elements may lead to more efficient treatment with fewer side effects. The objective of the present in vitro study was to determine whether individually constructed, mathematically simulated, and 3D-printed power chains could generate adequate forces for orthodontic tooth movement.

Materials And Methods: An individual measurement device was developed using a high-precision load cell, amplifier, and microcontroller for signal processing.

Modular 3D printable orthodontic measuring apparatus for force and torque measurements of thermoplastic/removable appliances.

The magnitude of forces and moments applied on teeth during orthodontic treatment is crucial to achieve the desired tooth movement. The aim of this study is to introduce a modular 3D printable orthodontic measurement apparatus (M3DOMA), which can be used for measurements of forces and moments acting on teeth during treatment with aligners. The measurement device was characterized regarding signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the sensors, repeatability of measurements, influence of thermoforming, as well as reliability.