COVID19 infection and vaccination and the risk of pituitary apoplexy: an entangled yarn.

Purpose: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) has been increasingly reported in association with both infection from and vaccination for COVID19. Our aim was to analyse the available published cases and compare the clinical characteristics in the two groups (infection vs vaccination).

Methods: We systematically reviewed the published literature for all cases of PA associated with COVID19 infection or vaccination.

Glycemic control and cancer outcomes in oncologic patients with diabetes: an Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD), Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE), Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) multidisciplinary critical view.

Background:  Increasing evidence suggests that diabetes increases the risk of developing different types of cancer. Hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation, characteristic of diabetes, could represent possible mechanisms involved in cancer development in diabetic patients. At the same time, cancer increases the risk of developing new-onset diabetes, mainly caused by the use of specific anticancer therapies.

SARS-Cov-2 Infection: A New Risk Factor for Pituitary Apoplexy?

Background: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) can arise from haemorrhage or ischaemia of pituitary tissue and is characterized by abrupt onset of headache, visual impairment and hypopituitarism. COVID-19 may be associated with various degrees of vascular complications and, recently, its relationship with PA has been suggested. Cases Presentation Case 1: A 64-year-old male with type 2 diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease was admitted to the ER, after several days of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, with symptoms of PA of a known non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma.