Vesicoureteral reflux after kidney transplantation: clinical significance in the medium to long-term.

103 patients who received a cyclosporine-treated primary cadaver kidney transplant (TX) at our center between 1985 and 1989, whose graft survived for more than 1 year and who accepted to undergo voiding cystography after TX were analyzed and grouped according to the highest grade (regardless to whether active or passive) of vesicourteral reflux (VUR): group 0, absent (n = 14); group 1-2, grade I or II (n = 62); group 3, grade III (n = 27). Patient follow-up ranged from 5 to 10 (median 7) years. Patient and graft survivals and prevalence of hypertension (defined as the persistent need of antihypertensive therapy), did not differ significantly between groups (Mantel-Cox test p: n.

Clinical significance of vesicoureteral reflux after kidney transplantation.

In this study 103 out of our 125 CsA-treated patients who received between January 1985 and December 1989 a first cadaver kidney transplant that functioned for at least one year were studied with voiding cystography (VC) for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). All patients had an external uretero-neo-cystostomy. VUR occurred in 89 (86.

[The elbow: normal and pathologic patterns].

The elbow is an anatomically complex joint, which is nonetheless quite easy to investigate by means of US thanks to the superficial location and relative abundance of periarticular structures--i.e., tendons, muscles, bursae, vessels and nerve.

[Extrarenal ultrasound and color Doppler: renal artery stenosis].

There is a long term interest in noninvasive Doppler (Duplex Doppler, Color Doppler) methods to screen patients with reno-vascular hypertension resistant to medical therapy. Doppler criteria for the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in native kidneys vary (peak systolic velocity exceeding 100 cm/sec; RAR (Renal Aortic Ratio) exceeding 3.5; Doppler shift frequency exceeding 6-8 KHz; dampened peripheral waveform; lack of signal in complete occlusion).

[The hypothesis of a diagnostic-prognostic assessment of intestinal invagination with the aim of treatment by echo-guided pneumatic reduction].

The authors investigated the role of US in the diagnostic-prognostic evaluation of enteric intussusception, for the use of US-guided pneumatic reduction (RPEG). In the last 5 years, 59 young patients were examined; 44 of them had clinically suspected enteric intussusception which was confirmed by US. US allowed site and nature of the condition to be demonstrated (sensitivity and specificity: 100%), while supplying helpful predictive prognostic elements as to the extent of intussuscepted loop involvement (predictive prognostic value: 100%).