Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in combating implanted medical device-associated bacterial biofilm infections.

Bacterial biofilms exhibit remarkable resistance against conventional antibiotics and are capable of evading the humoral immune response. They account for nearly 80% of chronic infections in humans. Development of bacterial biofilms on medical implants results in their malfunctioning and subsequently leads to high mortality rates worldwide.

Anti-Methanogenic Potential of Seaweeds and Impact on Feed Fermentation and Rumen Microbiome In Vitro.

A series of in vitro studies were conducted to explore the anti-methanogenic potential of five seaweeds collected from the Indian sea and to optimize the level(s) of incorporation of the most promising seaweed(s) into a straw and concentrate diet to achieve a significant reduction in methane (CH) production without disturbing rumen fermentation characteristics. A chemical composition analysis revealed a notable ash content varying between 55 and 70% in seaweeds. The crude protein content was highly variable and ranged between 3.

Thymoquinone-loaded Nanosized Ethosomal-based Hydrogels: Their Preparation, Characterization, in Vitro, Ex Vivo, and Antimicrobial Evaluation against Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Thymoquinone (TQ) is found in the seeds of Nigella sativa. It has immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, astringent, antifungal, and antihistaminic properties, making it a highly valuable compound of interest. However, the use of it as a therapeutic drug is highly challenging because of its poor solubility, low bioavailability, and short-term stability.

Proteomics Reveals Distinctive Host Cell Protein Expression Patterns in Fed-Batch and Perfusion Cell Culture Processes.

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely used to produce recombinant proteins, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), through various process modes. While fed-batch (FB) processes have been the standard, a shift toward high-density perfusion processes is being driven by increased productivity, flexible facility footprints, and lower costs. Ensuring the clearance of process-related impurities, such as host cell proteins (HCPs), is crucial in biologics manufacturing.

Cholesterol-Dependent Dimerization and Conformational Dynamics of EphA2 Receptors: Insights from Coarse-Grained and All-Atom Simulations.

The EphA2 transmembrane receptor is a key regulator of cellular growth, differentiation, and motility, and its overexpression in various cancers positions it as a promising biomarker for clinical cancer management. EphA2 signaling is mediated through ligand-induced dimerization, which stabilizes its dimeric state via conformational changes in the extracellular region and is linked to the intracellular kinase region via the transmembrane (TM) domain. Similar to many receptor tyrosine kinases, the juxtamembrane (JM) region, located between the TM and catalytic domains, coordinates with the TM domain to facilitate signal transduction.