Antimicrobial risk assessment-Aggregating aquatic chemical and resistome emissions.

Urban water systems receive and emit antimicrobial chemicals, resistant bacterial strains, and resistance genes (ARGs), thus representing "antimicrobial hotspots". Currently, regional environmental risk assessment (ERA) is carried out using drug consumption data and threshold concentrations derived based on chemical-specific minimum inhibitory concentration values. A legislative proposal by the European Commission released in 2022 addresses the need to include selected ARGs besides the chemical concentration-based ERAs.

Effects of statins on kidney function in older adults.

Background: The effect of statin therapy on kidney function among older adults is unclear.

Objectives: To examine the association between statin use and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), positive or negative, in an older adult cohort with versus without chronic kidney disease (CKD) at baseline.

Methods: This analysis included 18,056 participants aged ≥65 years with versus without CKD at baseline in a randomized trial of low-dose aspirin, who had no prior cardiovascular events, major physical disability, or dementia initially.

Estimating surgical blood loss: A review of current strategies in various clinical settings.

The estimation of surgical blood loss is routinely performed during and after surgical procedures and has morbidity and mortality implications related to the risk of under- and over-resuscitation. The strategies for estimating surgical blood loss include visual estimation, the gravimetric method, the colorimetric method, formula-based methods, and other techniques (e.g.

Peptide-Functionalized Lipid Nanoparticles for Targeted Systemic mRNA Delivery to the Brain.

Systemic delivery of large nucleic acids, such as mRNA, to the brain remains challenging in part due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the tendency of delivery vehicles to accumulate in the liver. Here, we design a peptide-functionalized lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platform for targeted mRNA delivery to the brain. We utilize click chemistry to functionalize LNPs with peptides that target receptors overexpressed on brain endothelial cells and neurons, namely the RVG29, T7, AP2, and mApoE peptides.

Classification of chronic kidney disease in older Australian adults by the CKD-EPI 2009 and 2021 equations: secondary analysis of ASPREE study data.

Objectives: To assess the clinical impact on generally healthy older Australians of changing from the 2009 CKD-EPI (CKD-EPI) to the 2021 CKD-EPI (CKD-EPI) equation for calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Study Design: Secondary analysis of data from the prospective ASPirin in Reducing events in the Elderly (ASPREE) cohort study.

Setting, Participants: Australians aged 70 years or older living in the community and without life-limiting medical conditions, recruited 1 March 2010 - 31 December 2014 for the ASPREE trial.