An investigation of white matter integrity and attention deficits following traumatic brain injury.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between white matter tracts and multiple aspects of attention and working memory deficits in a relatively acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) sample.

Method: Neuropsychological measures of attention and working memory were administered to 20 participants with complicated mild-to-very severe TBI and 20 control participants. Tract-based spatial statistics was used to assess fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of white matter tracts for 15 TBI participants and 20 controls.

White matter integrity of the medial forebrain bundle and attention and working memory deficits following traumatic brain injury.

Background And Objective: The medial forebrain bundle (MFB) contains ascending catecholamine fibers that project to the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Damage to these fibers following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may alter extracellular catecholamine levels in the PFC and impede attention and working memory ability. This study investigated white matter microstructure of the medial MFB, specifically the supero-lateral branch (slMFB), following TBI, and its association with performance on attention and working memory tasks.

The efficacy and safety of extended-release methylphenidate following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled pilot study.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of extended-release methylphenidate in enhancing processing speed, complex attentional functioning and everyday attentional behaviour after traumatic brain injury.

Design: Seven week randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel pilot study.

Setting: Inpatient and outpatient Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation Program.

Cognitive training approaches to remediate attention and executive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury: A single-case series.

Attentional deficits are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and interfere with daily functioning. This study employed a single-case design to examine the effects of individualised strategy training on attention beyond the effects of computerised training using Attention Process Training 3 (APT-3), and to examine the participants' subjective experience of these approaches. An ABCA (baseline, APT-3, strategy training, follow-up) design was repeated across three participants with severe TBI.

Speed of processing and strategic control of attention after traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Slowed information processing speed has consistently been documented after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Debate continues as to whether deficits in strategic control are proportionate to, or remain after controlling for, reduced speed of processing. The study aim was to investigate the association of speed of processing and strategic control of attention with working memory, selective attention, response inhibition, and mental flexibility task performance after TBI using traditional and novel clinical measures.