Ternary complex of Kaempferol-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin-Liposomes against hepatocellular carcinoma: Preparation, validation, pharmacokinetics and efficacy studies.

Kaempferol (KP), a GRAS-certified phytomolecule enrolled in Phase I trials, is reported with various biological effects including anticancer activity. However, its poor pharmacokinetic profile limits the translational utility. Studies indicate that liposomes incorporating cyclodextrin inclusion complexes improves the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs.

The role of glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights into diagnosis and therapeutic potential.

Glypican-3 (GPC-3) is predominantly found in the placenta and fetal liver, with limited expression in adult tissues. Its re-expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and secretion into the serum highlights its potential as a diagnostic marker. GPC-3 is involved in important cellular processes such as proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through various signaling pathways including Wnt, IGF, YAP, and Hedgehog.

Unveiling the role of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in chronic liver disease: Therapeutic insights and strategies.

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays a crucial role in adult liver repair by promoting the expansion and differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells into mature hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Elevated Hh signaling is associated with severe chronic liver diseases, making Hh inhibitors a promising therapeutic option. Sonidegib and vismodegib, both FDA-approved Smoothened (Smo) inhibitors for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), have shown potential for application in chronic liver disorders based on clinical evidence.

Decoding Immune Signature to Detect the Risk for Early-Stage HCC Recurrence.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often recognized as an inflammation-linked cancer, which possesses an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Curative treatments such as surgical resection, liver transplantation, and percutaneous ablation are mainly applicable in the early stage and demonstrate significant improvement of survival rate in most patients. However, 70-80% of patients report HCC recurrence within 5 years of curative treatment, representing an important clinical issue.