Machine Learning identifies remodeling patterns in human lung extracellular matrix.

Organ function depends on the three-dimensional integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The structure resulting from the location and association of ECM components is a central regulator of cell behavior, but a dearth of matrix-specific analysis keeps it unresolved. Here, we deploy a high-resolution, 3D ECM mapping method and design a machine-learning powered pipeline to detect and characterize ECM architecture during health and disease.

A controlled study of use and effectiveness of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in long-term survivors after curative radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa).

Background And Purpose: We lack population-based data on the use and effectiveness of phosphodiesterase- 5inhibitors (PDE-5Is) in post-radiotherapy long-term prostate cancer survivors (PCaSs). In this cross-sectional survey performed 9 years after curative radiotherapy we explored PDE-5I use and the drugs'effectiveness in 1,092 nine-year PCaSs responding to the sexual items of EPIC-26. The findings from PCaSs were compared to those from 2,847 age-similar men from the general population (Norms).

Cell-type-resolved chromatin accessibility in the human intestine identifies complex regulatory programs and clarifies genetic associations in Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex inflammatory bowel disease resulting from an interplay of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. Cell-type-specific contributions to CD etiology and genetic risk are incompletely understood. Here we built a comprehensive atlas of cell-type- resolved chromatin accessibility comprising 557,310 candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) in terminal ileum and ascending colon from patients with active and inactive CD and healthy controls.

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) and associated risk of infective endocarditis.

Purpose: Bacteremia is a well-known complication to surgery and may result in infective endocarditis (IE). Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) may give rise to bacteremia, but the associated risk of IE is not well described. We aimed to examine risk of infective endocarditis following TUR-P.

Characterizing the genetic architecture of drug response using gene-context interaction methods.

Identifying factors that affect treatment response is a central objective of clinical research, yet the role of common genetic variation remains largely unknown. Here, we develop a framework to study the genetic architecture of response to commonly prescribed drugs in large biobanks. We quantify treatment response heritability for statins, metformin, warfarin, and methotrexate in the UK Biobank.