Current context and the experience of Brazilian Medical Societies with Specialist Title Exams.

The editorial discusses the need for the Specialist Title to be valued by Medical Societies, as a stage after the conclusion of medical residency and a mandatory prerequisite for taking the tests. Finally, it shows the experience of seven Medical Societies with their specialist title exams.

Forest restoration improves habitat and water quality in tropical streams: A multiscale landscape assessment.

Forest restoration has been a common practice to safeguard water quality and stream health but it is unclear to which extent and pace forest restoration recovers stream ecosystem structure and functions. Also, stream health might be affected by the forest restoration type and the quality of the interventions. Here, we sought to evaluate the recovery of stream habitat and water quality through forest restoration in catchments dominated by pasturelands, and explored the relationship between landscape structure and stream ecosystem recovery.

Gut Microbiota Interacts with Dietary Habits in Screenings for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer.

Background/objectives: Gut microbiota interacts with nutrients, which may be relevant to assigning a microbial signature to colorectal cancer (CRC). We aim to evaluate the potential of gut microbiota combined with dietary habits in the early detection of pathological findings related to CRC in the course of a screening program.

Methodology: The colonoscopy performed on 152 subjects positive for fecal occult blood test showed that 6 subjects had adenocarcinoma, 123 had polyps, and 23 subjects had no pathological findings.

Phenolic Fractions from Walnut Milk Residue: Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxic Potential.

Walnut milk residues (WMR) were investigated for the first time through their phenolic characterization including soluble (free, esterified, and etherified) phenolics and those released from their insoluble-bound form (insoluble-bound phenolic hydrolysates, IBPHs) and their antioxidant properties. Free phenolics were recovered and alkaline or acid hydrolysis were used to recover the remaining phenolic fractions. Total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and their antioxidant activity were analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteu, FRAP, and ORAC methods, respectively.

Metagenome-assembled genomes from irradiated human dental plaque.

We provide 309 quality-controlled bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes recovered from supragingival plaque metagenomes. Samples were collected from head and neck cancer patients following radiotherapy, so the recovered genomes can be useful to investigate the effects of oral cavity irradiation on oral microbiome members.