A Lumped Parameter Model Suggests That Infusion Studies Overestimate the Cerebrospinal Fluid Outflow Resistance in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Background/objectives: Cerebrospinal infusion studies indicate that cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance (R) is elevated in normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). These studies assume that the cerebrospinal formation rate (CSF) does not vary during the infusion. If the CSF were to increase during the infusion then the R would be overestimated.

Infectious agent release and Pacific salmon exposure at Atlantic salmon farms revealed by environmental DNA.

The potential risk posed by infectious agents (IAs) associated with netpen aquaculture to wild fishes is determined based on the "release" of IAs from netpens into the environment, the "exposure" of the wild fish to those released agents, and the "consequence" for wild fish experiencing infection by those agents. Information available to characterize these three factors is often lacking, and the occurrence of transmission from aquaculture to wild fish as well as potential consequences of such transmission are difficult to observe. In this study, we utilized environmental DNA (eDNA) to characterize the release of dozens of IAs from, and exposure of Pacific salmon to, Atlantic salmon aquaculture.

Keeping it in the family: using protein family templates to rescue low confidence AlphaFold2 models.

Motivation: High confidence structure prediction models have become available for nearly all protein sequences. More than 200 million AlphaFold2 models are now publicly available. We observe that there can be significant variability in the prediction confidence as judged by plDDT scores across a protein family.

Update from 2010 (standard operating procedure): protocol for the 2024 British Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines on colorectal surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease.

Introduction: The evolving landscape of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) necessitates refining colonoscopic surveillance guidelines. This study outlines methodology adopted by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Guideline Development Group (GDG) for updating IBD colorectal surveillance guidelines.

Methods And Analysis: The 'Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation' (GRADE) approach, as outlined in the GRADE handbook, was employed.

InterPro: the protein sequence classification resource in 2025.

InterPro (https://www.ebi.ac.